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వేమన పద్యాలు |
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( Poems by Vemana ) |
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సేకరణ
: పి
.
ఎల్
. కె
. శాస్త్రి |
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వేమన పద్యాలు నీతి భోదకమైనవి, విరసమైనవి.
1829
సం
||లో
C . P.
Brown
మొట్టమొదట, వేమన పద్యాలను
ఆంగ్లేయములో తర్జూమాచేసాడు . బ్రౌన్ తర్వాత తర్జుమా
అంతంతమాత్రమేనని ఫ్రొఫెసర్
జె . ఎస్ . ఎల్ .
మూర్తి వారి సహాధ్యాయుడు ఈ పద్యములను విశ్లేషించి కొంత
మెరుగుదలతో, పద్య భూమికను చెరపకుండా
ప్రక్రియను చేపట్టారు. విభక్తి వచనాదుల్లో తెలుగు పదానికి
కలిగే రూపభేదం వలన వాక్యంలో ఉండే అర్ధం
చెదరకుండా దండాన్వయ పద్థతులతో ఇంగ్లీషు పదాలను వ్రాయడం జరిగింది.
బ్రౌన్ పద్థతి, ప్రొఫెసర్ మూర్తి
అనువదించిన పద్థతి వేరు వేరుగా ఉన్నాయని ఆచార్య
ఎన్. గోపి వివరించారు. అమెరికన్లు వేమన పద్యాలను
40 విభాగాలు చేసారు. చివరికి ఆయన ఇలా అన్నారు :
" వేమన
ప్రతి పద్యం ఒక ముత్యం, ఒక రత్నం, ఒక నిత్య ప్రకాశిత మణి
.
* * * * *
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Selected verses
of Vemana translated from the Telugu (Indian) language by
Professor J. S. R. L. Murthy and Professor Elliot Roberts. This
Indian classics series is the
UNESCO
collection of representative works of Indian series. UNESCO
English translations 1995, ISBN 81 7201 922 -X. A letter has
been posted to the Director UNESCO, France seeking
permission advised
by Professor Murthy.
Vemana's poetry has long been popular with Telugu speaking people
of Andhra Pradesh,India. This is the source of wit and spiritual
wisdom, his poems are recited throughout Andhra. These poems
spread Telugu culture and also influenced in shaping the language,
consciousness of the people. Vemana belongs to 17th century
probably in Guntur District, Andhra.
Tradition also
believes that Vemana is a saint and teacher and taught secrets of
Vedanta. Vemana
included his
Guru's name Abhiramayya in every verse of his. These poems make
clear that Vemana was a Yogi, social critic, and a poet with full
of knowledge.
eg.
Vemana does not place much emphasis on the worship of a personal
God, where
he does talk about worship of God, he is not much concerned with
devotion to a personal God as he is to a single-
mindedness toward
Brahma devoid of distractions. Such single-mindedness is what
Vemana would call Pure Heart. A pure heart and a steady mind are
essential for contemplation of God. |
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వేమన (2) |
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సేకరణ పి. ఎల్. కె. శాస్త్రి |
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వేమని గురించి, తొలి పరిచయముతో, తర్వాత, ఆయన వివిధ తాత్విక ధోరణులు
ప్రధానంగా ఆయనకు వేధించిన సమస్యలు
-
సాంఘిక, సమాజంలోని మోసాలు, అన్యాయం, డాంబికం తొలగించడానికి ప్రయత్నం చేసాడు. వేమన
మనస్సు మార్చుకుని వేరే జీవిత విధానాలు చేపట్టి చివరకు అద్వైత
తాత్విక వాదాన్ని చేరుకున్నాడు. ఆయనకవిత్వాన్ని ఒక సాధనగా
చేపట్టి, తెలుగు భాష జాతీయత సొంపు ఆయనకు స్వాధీనము . |
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C. P. Brown
published first published the first english translation of
Vemana's
poems in 1829,
and his translations, reasonably accurate were mase ponderons in
most cases by a style which included his gloss of a poem within
translation itself. Where as Professor J. S. R. L. Narayana
Moorthy and Professor Elliot Roberts have done away with
glossing the poem and added only what is necessary to make the
sense complete. The professor maintained the epigrammatic style
of the original. Sincee Telugu being an inflectional language,
part of the subject, verb, object can be eliminated a part of
sentence without confusing the meaning and words need not follow
set syntactical pattern. As a result it has been decided by them
to paraphrase, add comitted words, delete unnecessory ones, change
word order to produce a readable version in english. A discernible
structure has been adopted which recreate the poetic flavour of
the original.
Telugu
poetic forms governed by specific rules of prosody syllables are
charectorised as short and long are arranged into clusters called
ganas which
consists of two
to five syllables each meters are fixed and variable. In fixed
meters the number of syllables in easch line remains fixed.
Variable meters allow fluctuations within limits of number of
syllables which compose alive in the order of long and short
syllables. Variable meter is called ATAVALADI.
A typical
translation :
శివ వరంబు లేక
శ్రితి వాదములు చేత
Scriptural debates without Siva's boon
సంశయంబు చెడదు
సాధులకును
Will
not remove doubt in seekers
చిత్ర
దీపమునను జీకటి పాయునా? Can
a lamp in a painting dispel darkness?
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The Ways of the
World |
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1
No need to reckon
depths
greater than you
can swim ;
no evil on earth
worse than death;
nothing more humble
than an old loin
cloth. |
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2
He takes a hide,
models a puppet,
makes it play,
then tosses it
away.
Why doesn' t he
know
Him
who turns him? |
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3
No release in
childhood.
In youth you won't gove
up lust.
Only worries in old
age.
Perhaps you will be
free
when you are dead. |
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4
The brahmin
eats meat;
the widow
parties with wives;
caste and decorum
decline;
desires
are on the rise.
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5
Jurisprudence
makes for
injustice.
Ethics causes
an evil
mind.
Astrology
leads men
stray. |
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6
If you examine :
pleasures are indeed sorrows;
Good deeds ar
full of sin
- as if a thief would
ask
To be impaled on a
stake. |
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7
The more you
read,
the more you
doubt;
the more
attached,
the more
anxious;
the wealthier
you are,
the bigger your
worries. |
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8
The mind
drlights in
the fragrance
of sandlewood.
people relish
it,
saying,
How aromatic !
Do they sense
the odor
of their past? |
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9
As a fetus in
your mother's womb,
you recall your
past karma
And roll and
wail.
When you're
born,
you carry on,
in oblivion. |
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10
One who abandons
his loin cloth,
you make him
dance
like a monkey,
treat him
like a crazy
man,
and chase him
away.
Don ' t you
remove
your loin cloth
in front of your
wife? |
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11
If a pitcher is
broken,
we can buy a new
one;
but it isn ' t
often
that a man who
is
shattered
can pice him-
Self to-
gether. |
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12
You can mill a
log
until it is
true;
you can chisel a
stone
to make it
straight;
but no one can
correct
a crooked mind. |
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13
A carrier of
tales
is playmate
to the
aggressive rogue;
a pauper,
ministerr
to the stupid
king;
a monkey,
fit
companion
for the baboon. |
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14
Sweetest of the
sweet
is one ' s
own life.
Sweeter than
life
is gold.
Much sweeter
than cold
are the words
of a woman. |
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15
He may be born
of high caste,
but if he has
unshave head,
dirty clothes,
and greasy body,
People say,
" Get going ! |
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(continued) |
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